Is it too late to plant roses

The time to sow roses depends on the species.
Different types of roses require different sowing times.
Generally speaking, rose sowing should be carried out in spring, because the suitable temperature in this season can promote the germination of seeds.

Rose Rosa rugosa Thunb. Rose is a deciduous shrub of the Rosaceae family. The stem is stout, tomentose, with stinging hairs and spines. Odd-pinnate compound leaves, with 5 to 9 leaflets, oval or elliptical-obovate, with wrinkled dark edges on the leaf surface and pale back. The flowers are solitary or in a few clusters, 6~8cm in diameter, purple-red or white. Rose hips are oblate spherical, red. The flowering period is from May to June, and the fruit ripening period is from August to September. There are many varieties of roses. The commonly cultivated ones include red roses, purple roses, white roses, double white roses and thornless roses.

Distributed

Roses are native to northern China. Now it is cultivated from the coast of South China Sea to Heilongjiang. Among them, Wuxian, Wuxi and Tongshan in Jiangsu, Pingyin in Shandong, Huzhou in Zhejiang, Shangshui in Henan, Meishan in Sichuan, Qingxu in Shanxi, and Yongdeng in Gansu are famous rose producing areas.

Habits

Roses like light and are cold and drought tolerant. Grows best in fertile, loose, well-drained neutral sandy loam soil. The sprouting ability is strong.

Economic Value

Roses have bright colors and pleasant aromas. The petals of roses can be used to extract aromatic essential oils, which are used as flavoring raw materials for tea, wine, food and cosmetics. Their prices are often higher than gold in the international market. Red rose hips are not only beautiful, they are also a raw material for extracting natural vitamin C. In the garden, it can often be planted into a “rose garden” for viewing, which has a special interest. It can also be used as a cut flower bed and flower hedge.

Reproduce

Rose propagation methods include sowing, division, cutting, grafting, etc. Sowing propagation is mostly used to cultivate new varieties, and it is best to sow seeds immediately after harvesting in autumn. The reproduction number of ramets is limited, but they can bloom early. The cutting propagation method is simple and a large number of plants can be obtained in a short period of time. However, it is difficult for good varieties to take root and must be propagated by grafting. Usually the division method is used.
Roses can sprout young plants anywhere from 1 to 1.3m in diameter around the rhizosphere. Adult plants that are three to five years old each have at least 10 to 20 clustered stems and most sprouting young plants, which can be separated at once. The most suitable season for dividing plants is in late autumn, when roses are leaf-defoliating. Plants can also be divided in early spring. Rose flowers and trees generally germinate earlier. If you divide the plants in spring, it is best to do it from late January to late February. Too late will reduce the transplant survival rate. A single plant planted separately must have at least three or four stems with some roots. Generally, those who propagate by divisions can bloom in the same year.
A common type of rose, it is easier to take root and can be propagated by cuttings. Usually, mature branches are used for cuttings during the dormant period of roses in late autumn or early spring. It is very important to fully grasp the leaf-falling and budding stages of roses for the survival of cuttings. If you take cuttings during the mildew season, you must choose new branches that are half-ripe that year. Young branch cuttings must pay attention to temperature and humidity, otherwise they will not survive easily. In order to maintain humidity, the flowerpot or wooden box can be covered with glass or covered with plastic film. If large-scale propagation is carried out, cuttings can be made in a cutting bed. Use plastic film arch sheds, the relative humidity inside the arch shed should be above 80%, and the temperature should be around 25C. When the temperature of the shed is too high, ventilation is required, and appropriate shade can be provided at noon to control the temperature. After such management for about a month, roots will take root, and the plants can be transplanted the next spring. Flowers will appear in the third year. For a small amount of reproduction at home, you can pick new twigs in mid-June and insert them into flower pots. After watering enough, cover the pots tightly with plastic film and place them in a cool place. The temperature should be kept at about 15C, and the maximum should not exceed 30C. After about a month, roots will take root, then open the plastic film and still place it in a cool place to grow. If several plants are planted in one pot, they should be divided into pots. In the early stage of dividing the pots, they should also be placed in a place without direct light.
Roses are generally used as rootstocks for grafting, and roses are propagated by sowing. After three years of growth after sowing, it can be used for grafting. Bud grafting is carried out between August and September and can survive in 2 to 3 weeks; root grafting should be carried out from December to January of the following year before the roses germinate.

Cultivation and management

Before planting, decomposed organic fertilizer should be applied into the hole as base fertilizer, and sufficient water should be poured after planting. From now on, fertilize about 4 times a year. Apply germination fertilizer once in early spring, and then apply flowering fertilizer again. If organic fertilizer is applied once during the flowering period and before winter, the flowers will be more abundant, larger, brighter in color and fragrant in the next year. When the weather is dry in early spring, sufficient watering should be done to promote flower bud differentiation. Building up the soil during flowering can extend the flowering time. Prune after autumn to promote the germination of new branches. Roses are afraid of waterlogging. If the water accumulates for a long time, the lower leaves will turn yellow and fall. In severe cases, they will die. Therefore, timely drainage is required during the rainy season.
Pruning and Renewal Roses bloom on current-year stems. Therefore, regular pruning can make the plants grow vigorously, have colorful flowers, and have a regular tree shape, and can extend the flowering life. Rose pruning is divided into flowering pruning and dormant pruning. Pruning during the flowering period is to make short cuts 15 to 20cm above the base of the flower branches after the first batch of flowers bloom to promote new branches and make the second batch of flowers bloom more and be of better quality. Dormant pruning is done in early spring before bud break. Leave 4 to 5 branches on each plant and cut them short 40 to 50cm above the ground. Leave 1 to 2 lateral branches on each branch and leave two buds on each side branch. A rose can live for more than 20 years. Plants that are three years old bloom the most. After four to five years of age, the growth of the plant begins to decline, and the yield and quality of the flowers also begin to decline. Therefore, plants need to be renewed and rejuvenated. The method of renewal and rejuvenation is to dig out the old roots in winter for rose gardens that have been planted for 4 to 5 years, remove diseased and insect-infested branches and senescent branches before replanting, and divide the overly dense and overgrown plants, or In autumn and winter, cut off the aging rose plants at the ground level, then plow the soil between the plant rows, apply cake fertilizer, and water enough. In this way, although there will not be many flowers produced the next year, the amount of flowers produced will be greatly improved in the next 2 to 3 years.

Pest Control

Common diseases and insect pests of roses include rust, powdery mildew, black spot; thorn moths, damson moths, mulberry caterpillars, leafcutter bees, rose stem wasps, scale insects, etc. After the onset of powdery mildew and black spot, spray 50% carbendazim; or 50% thiophanate 500-800 times; or 75% or 70% chlorothalonil 600-800 times. The first prevention and treatment method of rust is to spray 600 times of Dysen zinc solution before the onset of the disease, and spray 300 times of the rust sodium solution after the onset of the disease. Leaf-cutting bees can be manually hunted to kill their adults; or sprayed with 1,000 to 1,500 times of fenitrothion; for leaf-eating pests, 90% trichlorfon or 50% phoxim or 50% of 1,000 times of fenitrothion can be sprayed.